1. Kala saaristaFiberAfududeeyayaasha
Waxaa jira saddex nooc oo waaweyn oo amplifiers indhaha ah:
(1) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Amplifiers fiber indhaha oo lagu qurxiyey walxo dhul dhif ah (erbium Er, thulium Tm, praseodymium Pr, rubidium Nd, iwm.), inta badan erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA), iyo sidoo kale thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) iyo praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA), iwm.
+Isbarbardhigga waxqabadka ugu weyn ee cod-weyneyaashan indhaha ayaa lagu muujiyey shaxda
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Nidaam laser heerar badan leh ayaa la samayn karaa iyadoo la isku qurxiyo quartz fiber leh curiyeyaasha dhulka naadirka ah (sida Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, iwm.), iyo iftiinka calaamada wax gelinta ayaa si toos ah loo xoojiyaa iyadoo la raacayo waxqabadka iftiinka bamka.Ka dib bixinta jawaab celin habboon, laser fiber ayaa la sameeyaa.Dhererka mowjadda shaqada ee Nd-doped fiber amplifier waa 1060nm iyo 1330nm, horumarinteeda iyo adeegsigeedana waa xaddidan yihiin sababtoo ah ka leexashada dekedda ugu fiican ee isgaarsiinta fiber optic iyo sababo kale.Mawjadaha dhaadheer ee EDFA iyo PDFA waxay u kala horreeyaan daaqadda khasaaraha ugu hooseeya (1550nm) iyo dhererka hirarka fidinta eber (1300nm) ee isgaarsiinta fiber indhaha, iyo TDFA waxay ka shaqeysaa S-band, kuwaas oo aad ugu habboon codsiyada nidaamka isgaarsiinta fiber indhaha. .Gaar ahaan EDFA, horumarka ugu dhakhsaha badan, ayaa ahaa mid la taaban karo.
ThePTusmada ugu hooseysa ee EDFA
Qaab dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee EDFA waxa lagu muujiyey Jaantuska 1(a), kaas oo inta badan ka kooban dhexdhexaad firfircoon (erbium-doped silica fiber oo ku saabsan tobanaan mitir oo dherer ah, oo leh dhexroor xudunta u ah 3-5 microns iyo xoojinta doping ee (25) -1000) x10-6) , bamka isha iftiinka (990 ama 1480nm LD), lammaane indhaha iyo go'doominta indhaha.Iftiinka ishaarka iyo iftiinka bamka waxay ku faafi karaan jihada isku midka ah (bamgareynta isku dhafka ah), jihooyin ka soo horjeeda (bamgareynta gadaal) ama labada jiho (bamgareynta laba jiho) ee fiber erbium.Marka nalka calaamada iyo nalka bamka lagu duro fiber erbium isku mar, ions erbium waxay ku faraxsan yihiin heer tamar sare oo hoos yimaada waxqabadka iftiinka bamka (Jaantus 1 (b), nidaam saddex heer ah). oo si dhakhso ah u lula heerka tamarta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka , marka ay ku soo noqoto xaaladda dhulka hoosteeda ficilka iftiinka calaamadda dhacdada, waxay soo saartaa photons u dhigma iftiinka signalada, si ay calaamaddu u kordhiso.Jaantus 1 (c) waa muuqaalkeeda sii daynta iskeed u baahday (ASE) oo leh xajmi weyn (ilaa 20-40nm) iyo laba sare oo u dhiganta 1530nm iyo 1550nm siday u kala horreeyaan.
Faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee EDFA waa faa'iido sare, xajmi weyn, awood wax soo saar oo sarreeya, waxtarka bamka sare, luminta gelinta hoose, iyo dareen la'aanta gobolka polarization.
2. Dhibaatooyinka Fiber Optical Amplifiers
Inkasta oo cod-weyneeye (gaar ahaan EDFA) uu leeyahay faa'iidooyin badan oo muuqda, maaha cod-weyneeye ku habboon.Marka lagu daro dhawaaqa dheeraadka ah ee yareeya SNR ee calaamadda, waxaa jira cillado kale, sida:
- Sinnaan la'aanta spectrum kasbashada gudaha xawaaraha cod-weyneeye waxay saamaysaa waxqabadka kor u qaadista kanaalka badan;
- Marka cod-weyneyaasha indhaha la jeexjeexo, saamaynta dhawaaqa ASE, fidinta fiber-ka iyo saamaynta aan tooska ahayn ayaa urursan doonta.
Arrimahan waa in lagu tixgaliyaa codsiga iyo qaabaynta nidaamka.
3. Codsiga Cod-weyneeye Aragga ee Nidaamka Isgaadhsiinta Fiber Optical
In nidaamka isgaarsiinta fiber indhaha, ahFiber Optical Amplifierwaxaa loo isticmaali karaa ma aha oo kaliya sida kor u kaca korontadu ee gudbiyaha si loo kordhiyo awoodda gudbinta, laakiin sidoo kale sida preamplifier ee qaataha si loo hagaajiyo dareenka helitaanka, iyo sidoo kale bedeli kara soo noqnoqda indhaha-korontada-optical dhaqameed, si loo kordhiyo gudbinta. Fogaanta oo garwaaqso isgaarsiinta indhaha oo dhan.
Nidaamyada isgaarsiinta fiber optic, arrimaha ugu muhiimsan ee xaddidaya fogaanta gudbinta ayaa ah luminta iyo kala firdhisanaanta fiber-ka indhaha.Isticmaalka isha iftiinka cidhiidhiga ah, ama ka shaqaynta meel u dhow mawjadda dhererka eber, saamaynta fidinta fiberku waa mid yar.Nidaamkani uma baahna inuu sameeyo dib-u-soo-noolayn waqti-kordhin oo dhammaystiran (3R relay) xarun kasta oo gudbinta ah.Way ku filan tahay in si toos ah loogu xoojiyo calaamadda indhaha iyadoo la adeegsanayo cod-weyneeye (1R relay).Amplifiers indhaha looma isticmaali karo kaliya nidaamyada jirridda fogaanta laakiin sidoo kale shabakadaha qaybinta fiber indhaha, gaar ahaan nidaamyada WDM, si loo kordhiyo kanaalo badan isku mar.
1) Codsiga Amplifiers-yada indhaha ee Nidaamyada Isgaadhsiinta Fiber Optical
Sawirka 2 waa jaantus jaantus ah oo ku saabsan adeegsiga cod-weyneeye aragga ee jirridda nidaamka isgaarsiinta fiber indhaha.(a) sawirku wuxuu muujinayaa in cod-weyneeye indhaha loo isticmaalo sidii kor-u-qaadka korantada gudbiyaha iyo hor-u-qaadiyaha qaataha si masaafada aan dib-u-celinta ahayn loo labanlaabo.Tusaale ahaan, qaadashada EDFA, gudbinta nidaamka Masaafada 1.8Gb/s waxay ka korodhaa 120km ilaa 250km ama xataa waxay gaadho 400km.Jaantuska 2 (b) - (d) waa ku dhaqanka cod-weyneyaasha indhaha ee nidaamyada isu-gudbinta badan;Jaantuska (b) waa habka soo-gudbinta 3R ee dhaqameed;Jaantuska (c) waa habka isu-gudbinta isku-dhafan ee soo-celiyeyaasha 3R iyo cod-weyneyaasha indhaha;Jaantuska 2 (d) Waa habka gudbinta indhaha oo dhan;nidaamka isgaarsiinta indhaha oo dhan, kuma jiraan waqtiga iyo wareegyada dib-u-soo-nooleynta, sidaa darteed waa xoogaa hufan, mana jirto xannibaad "dhalada elektarooniga ah".Ilaa iyo inta qalabka dirida iyo qaadashada ee labada daraf la bedelayo, Way fududahay in laga soo cusboonaysiiyo heerka hoose ilaa heer sare, iyo cod-weyneeye uma baahna in la beddelo.
2) Codsiga Amplifier-ga indhaha ee Shabakadda Qaybinta Fiber-ka
Faa'iidooyinka soosaarka awoodda sare ee cod-weyneyaasha indhaha (gaar ahaan EDFA) aad bay faa'iido ugu leeyihiin shabakadaha qaybinta ballaadhan (sidaCATVShabakadaha).Shabakadda dhaqameed ee CATV waxay qabataa fiilada coaxial, kaas oo u baahan in la kordhiyo dhowr boqol oo mitir, iyo radius adeeg ee shabakadu waa qiyaastii 7km.Shabakadda fiber-ka indhaha ee CATV iyadoo la adeegsanayo cod-weyneyaasha indhaha ma kordhin karto oo keliya tirada isticmaaleyaasha la qaybiyey, laakiin sidoo kale waxay si weyn u ballaarin kartaa waddada shabakadda.Horumarradii dhawaa waxay muujiyeen in qaybinta fiber optic / hybrid (HFC) ay soo jiidato awoodaha labadaba ayna leedahay tartan adag.
Jaantuska 4 waa tusaale ka mid ah shabakada qaybinta fiber-ka indhaha ee AM-VSB modulation ee 35 kanaal oo TV ah.Isha iftiinka gudbiyaha waa DFB-LD oo leh mowjad dhererkeedu yahay 1550nm iyo awoodda wax soo saarka ee 3.3dBm.Isticmaalka heerka 4-aad ee EDFA sidii cod-weyneeye qaybinta korantada, awoodeeda wax-soo-gelinta waxay ku saabsan tahay -6dBm, awoodda wax-soo-saarkeeduna waxay ku saabsan tahay 13dBm.Dareenka qaataha indhaha -9.2d Bm.Heerarka 4 ee qaybinta ka dib, wadarta guud ee isticmaalayaashu waxay gaadheen 4.2 milyan, dariiqa shabakadu waa in ka badan tobanaan kiiloomitir.Saamiga calaamad-ilaa-sanqadha miisaanka ee imtixaanku waxa uu ka weynaa 45dB, EDFAna ma keenin hoos u dhaca CSO.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-23-2023